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Accelerating solver performance for simulations of photosynthesis in the E3SM-ELM model using machine learning

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Abstract

In simulations of vegetation dynamics, photosynthesis accounts for a large fraction of the computational cost in most Earth System Models (ESMs). This is largely since photosynthesis is represented as a system of nonlinear equations, and the solution requires the use of an initial guess followed by many iterations of the numerical solver to obtain a solution. We use machine learning (ML) to replicate the response surface of the model’s numerical solver to improve the choice of initial guess, therefore requiring fewer iterations to obtain a final solution. We implemented this test on the leaf level calculations as well as at the canopy scale, and for both we observed fewer iterations of the photosynthesis solver when a ML-based initial guess was implemented. The model tested here is the Energy Exascale Earth System Model - Land Model (E3SM-ELM). The ML-based algorithms used here are trained on simulations from the model itself and used only to improve the initial guess for the solver; therefore, the model maintains its own set of physics to obtain the final solution. This work shows novel ways to utilize ML-based methods to improve the performance of numerical solvers in ESMs.

Category
Innovative and Emerging technologies: ML/AI, Digital Earth, Exascale and Quantum Computing, advanced software infrastructures
Biogeochemistry (Processes and Feedbacks)
Strengthening EESM Integrated Modeling Framework – Towards a Digital Earth
Funding Program Area(s)
Additional Resources:
NERSC (National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center)